right now I have WP_Query stored for 24h (1day) with set_transient function. Everything works fine like it should. But if for example I change the post which is in the stored array to private or modify its meta_value, the post will still be seen on frontend.

Any way to check if the post values have been modified? or I should use some other function for that?

The code:

if (false === ($loop = get_transient('randomizeProfiles'))) {
    $loop = new WP_Query(array(
        'post_type' => 'portfolio',
        'posts_per_page' => 18,
        'orderby' => 'rand',
        'order' => 'ASC',
        'post_status' => 'publish',
        'meta_query' => array(
            'relation' => 'OR',
            array('key' => 'move_to_archive','compare' => 'NOT EXISTS'),
            array('key' => 'move_to_archive', 'value' => '0', 'compare' => '=')
        )
    ));
    $hour = carbon_get_theme_option('posts_hours');
    $time = 60 * 60 * $hour;
    set_transient('randomizeProfiles', $loop, $time);
}